2020管理类联考英语二语法练习二

　　基础阶段

　　语法测试题二

　　判断句子主干结构，辨别修饰成分，并翻译。

　　1. During the late 1990s, national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all development funds varied from around 4% to 25%.

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　　2. This year, the system would be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2019, would not have such a funding.

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　　3. Today, the social sciences are largely focused on internal scholarly debates, rather than on topics with external impact.

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　　4. The idea is to force social scientists to integrate their work with other categories, including health, food security, marine research and the bio-economy.

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　　5. And in Europe, some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development.

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　　解析

　　1. 【结构分析】句子主干是主谓结构：national spending varied. During the late 1990s作时间状语；介词短语on social sciences and the humanities以及as a percentage of all development funds 都是spending的后置定语，from around 4% to 25%作状语，表示范围。

　　【参考译文】在20世纪90年代末期，国家在社会科学和人文科学上的支出占所有发展资金的比例大约在4%到25%之间。

　　2. 【结构分析】本句的主干是the system would be changed；冒号后面的句子是对前面主句的解释说明，其中a new program to be enacted in 2019是主语Horizon 2020的同位语。

　　【参考译文】今年，我们会改变这一体系：地平线2020，一个即将于2019年颁布的新项目，将不会再设有这类资金。

　　3. 【结构分析】本句的主干是the social sciences are focused on debates； rather than on topics意为“而不是关注主题”，介词短语with external impact作topics的后置定语。

　　【参考译文】如今，社会科学主要是关注内部学术辩论，而不是具有外部影响力的主题。

　　4. 【结构分析】本句的主干是The idea is to force social scientists to integrate their work with other categories,不定式短语to force......作表语，其中含有一个force sb.to do sth.结构，不定式短语to integrate their work with other categories作宾语补足语；介词短语including......作定语，修饰other categories.

　　【参考译文】该想法是要迫使社会科学家将他们的工作与其他领域的工作结合起来，包括健康、粮食安全、海洋研究和生物经济。

　　5. 【结构分析】本句的主干是some are up in arms over a proposal“一些人对一项提议提出了强烈抗议”。and连接的两个不定式短语to drop a specific funding category...and to integrate it...是a proposal的后置定语；其中，介词短语for social-science research作category的后置定语，介词短语within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development作状语，修饰integrate。

　　【参考译文】而在欧洲，一些社会科学家却对一项提议提出了强烈抗议，因为该提议终止了一项原属于社会科学研究的专项资金，而将其划归到可持续发展的跨领域主题中。

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